• br Regulation of Glu transporters The pivotal role

  2022-08-02

  

  Regulation of Glu transporters The pivotal role of Glu transporters in the fine tuning and turnover of this excitatory amino Milnacipran HCl calls for a detailed characterization of its regulation. Several general mechanisms that modify Glu uptake activity have been described. These include tran

• br Sodium glucose co transporter inhibitors SGLT

  2022-08-02

  

  Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are the latest class of non-insulin glucose-lowering agents that facilitate glycaemic control by inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption, thus promoting glycosuria. Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin are the three commonly used agents

• br Introduction The glucagon receptor

  2022-08-02

  

  Introduction The glucagon receptor (GCGR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed mainly in the liver and kidney. Upon glucagon binding, it activates the stimulatory G protein (Gs) and increases cAMP level, subsequently transducing glucagon signaling involved in glucose, amino acids and lipid m

• The findings in this study may

  2022-08-02

  

  The findings in this study may represent an example of a more general phenomenon, namely that the exquisite specificity of the G protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological actions of the prostaglandin receptor family hormones in mammals may have arisen relatively late in evolution. In

• The G protein coupled receptor

  2022-08-02

  

  The G protein-coupled receptor, GPR40 (also called FFAR1) responds to medium and long chain unsaturated fatty acids, resulting in increase of insulin secretion during elevated glucose levels. The glucose dependency of insulin secretion makes this receptor a very good target for developing therapies

• The typical pharmacophore for GPR

  2022-08-02

  

  The typical pharmacophore for GPR40 agonists contains four parts: head (acid moiety), central (phenyl ring), linker and tail (aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring) [20]. On the other hand, the chemical features that are required for the PPARγ agonists include hydrogen bond donors and acceptors

• br Acknowledgments This research was supported by

  2022-08-02

  

  Acknowledgments This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health Grants GM58442 and GM084152, as well as the National Institutes of Health Predoctoral Training Grant 5T32GM008700-13. We thank Eric Oldfield (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) for providing the FDPS inhibitor

• br Introduction Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardi

  2022-08-02

  

  Introduction Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia (Benjamin et al., 1998). Pulmonary vein (PV) sleeves contain a mixture of working myocardium and potential arrhythmogenic pacemaker PHA-739358 receptor behaving as an ectopic trigger of atrial fibrillation (Haissaguerre et al

• Tankyrase Inhibitors 22 Acknowledgments br Introduction Stre

  2022-08-02

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Stress plays a key role in the etiology and/or exacerbation of major depressive disorder characterized by loss of energy, feelings of hopelessness and anhedonia [1]. Ample evidence clearly suggests that endocannabinoids (eCBs) participate in stress-associated neurona

• br Author contributions br Declaration of conflict of intere

  2022-08-01

  

  Author contributions Declaration of conflict of interest Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Director, National Institute of Immunology for his support. The work was partially supported by J.C. Bose Fellowship to SSM. We acknowledge the help from staff of Small Animal Facility of Nation

• br Acknowledgments The work in the

  2022-07-30

  

  Acknowledgments The work in the Vancurova lab is supported by St John’s University, and by NIHCA202775 grant. HDACs are Epigenetic Achilles’ Heels in Tumors with ICLs On the one hand, proficient and accurate DNA repair mechanisms ensure the genomic integrity of cells. On the other hand, the D

• The therapeutic potential of acetate has

  2022-07-30

  

  The therapeutic potential of acetate has been advocated by research on neurodegenerative disorders such as Canavan's disease (Arun et al., 2010, Mathew et al., 2005), where oral acetate improved motor function in a genetic model of the disorder, and in studies of behavioural phenotypes associated wi

• It is difficult however to assure that observed alterations

  2022-07-30

  

  It is difficult, however, to assure that observed alterations of pro-oxidant/antioxidant levels within the studied organisms are related directly to heavy metal pollution, rather than to other accompanying environmental stressors. Environmental factors like oxygen partial pressure, temperature, sali

• The lactic acid receptor HCA

  2022-07-30

  

  The lactic GW788388 receptor HCA1 is primarily expressed in white and brown adipocytes 11, 12, 17, 18 (Table 1). Only relatively low expression levels of HCA1 have been described in several other tissues 16, 19, and it is not clear whether this is due to the presence of adipocytes in these tissues

• LPCs have been previously described as potential anti diabet

  2022-07-29

  

  LPCs have been previously described as potential anti-diabetic factors due to stimulation of secretory activity from the isolated rodent pancreas, L-type cells, ands insulin-producing cell lines, with LPC 18:1 as the main structure of interest (Soga et al., 2005, Sakamoto et al., 2006, Overton et al

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