• Given the powerful and ubiquitous nature of

  2024-05-18

  

  Given the powerful and ubiquitous nature of adenosine action within the CNS, basal levels of extracellular adenosine are carefully regulated and are estimated to be in the region of 30–300 nM (Fredholm et al., 2001). The two main pathways for the control of extracellular adenosine involve phosphoryl

• br AChE variants and their functions The AChE gene generates

  2024-05-18

  

  AChE variants and their functions The AChE gene generates several splice variants of AChE which are designated as hydrophobic (H), readthrough (R) and tailed (T) forms differing in membrane association and also localisation on a tissue and sub-cellular level. They all undergo significant posttran

• Using constant potential amperometry and electrochemical enz

  2024-05-18

  

  Using constant potential amperometry and electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors selective for choline—and, therefore, an accurate readout of PIK-75 synthesis release (Baker et al., 2015; Bruno et al., 2006a; Parikh et al., 2004, 2007)—tonic and phasic release of acetylcholine were measured simultan

• br Acknowledgments This work was

  2024-05-18

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by the R&D Program of the Institutional Research Program of KRICT (SI1701-02), and by the Next generation carbon upcycling project of Ministry of Science and ICT. JSC is kindly grateful to the National Research Council of Science and Technology (NST) for fi

• In the current study we

  2024-05-18

  

  In the current study, we provide evidence that enhanced ATX activity correlates well with increased ATX protein concentration during cholestasis and pregnancy (Fig. 1). Hereby we have ruled out the possibility of ATX enzyme activation in these conditions, e.g. by circulating cholephiles. ATX clearan

• Since innate immune responses represent the first defense

  2024-05-18

  

  Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin

• CCG-1423 Previously using a P lacZ reporter

  2024-05-18

  

  Previously, using a P-lacZ reporter gene system, it has been shown that the β-galactosidase activity was 9-fold higher in the stationary phase CCG-1423 when compared with those of the exponential phase [15]. Furthermore, inositol supplementation did not have a major effect on the expression of β-ga

• Lower LDL C mediated by variants in the ACL gene

  2024-05-18

  

  Lower LDL-C mediated by variants in the ACL gene is causally associated with the risk of cardiovascular events. Because, genetic variants that mimic the effect of an ACL inhibitor have the same effect on the risk of cardiovascular events per unit change in LDL-C as variants that mimic the effect of

• Recent studies have demonstrated significant cross talk betw

  2024-05-18

  

  Recent studies have demonstrated significant cross-talk between XRCC1 (a key player in torin excision repair (BER) and single strand break repair) and DDR [30], [31], [32]. ATM and DNA-PKcs are known to be involved in the phosphorylation of XRCC1 to promote BER [30], [31]. We have recently shown th

• As the effects of baclofen on primary afferent

  2024-05-18

  

  As the effects of baclofen on primary afferent activity are not reproduced by GABAA receptor agonists like muscimol and isoguvacine, this ionotropic receptor may play minimal role in the modulation of primary afferent activity. However, it is important to note that post-synaptic GABAA receptors rema

• Several structural classes of ASK inhibitors mostly from ind

  2024-05-18

  

  Several structural jtc motors of ASK1 inhibitors, mostly from industry but also from academia, have been identified over the last decade. In 2012, Terao et al. (Takeda) reported imidazo[1,2-α]pyridine () as a potent ASK1 inhibitor derived from structure-based drug design. GSK, Merck and Gilead rev

• HTH-01-015 Various antiangiogenic drugs have been

  2024-05-17

  

  Various antiangiogenic drugs have been analyzed over the last few years; noteworthy, bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against VEGF-A, alone or in combination with cytotoxic agents showed interesting results in terms of radiographic response rates and progression-free survival in initial phase 2 s

• Second the phosphorylation events e

  2024-05-17

  

  Second, the phosphorylation events (e.g., α-Thr172 and β-Ser108) needed for AMPK activation by small molecules binding at the ADaM or other sites remains unclear. Within the β-GBD, phosphorylation of β1-Ser108 was shown to be required for the activation by small molecules binding in the ADaM site, s

• br Study approval br Author contributions

  2024-05-17

  

  Study approval Author contributions Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants of the Youth Backbone Program (to Jianming Ying) of Cancer Hospital, CAMS, Beijing, Beijing Hope Run Special Fund of Cancer Foundation of China (LC2015A06) and the National Natura

• Mt a known to be upregulated

  2024-05-17

  

  Mt2a, known to be upregulated by ozone (Inoue et al., 2008), was also increased in vehicle-pretreated rats exposed to ozone, however, this effect was markedly reduced by both PROP and MIFE, suggesting that the neuroendocrine response is linked to ozone-induced acute phase protein expression. In huma

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