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The accumulation of oxidized low
2025-02-18

The accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is one of the many causes of the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis (Virmani et al., 2002; Pirillo et al., 2013; Sun et al., 2016; Huang et al., 2016; Tabas, 2010). oxLDL-induced apoptosis of macrophages contributes to the forma
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The relationship between the apelinergic and opioid systems
2025-02-18

The relationship between the apelinergic and opioid systems has been previously reported (Lv et al., 2011, Yang et al., 2010). Lv and colleagues showed that naloxone has a suppressive effect on apelin-induced depression-like behavior in mice (Lv et al., 2012a). Furthermore, heterodimerization of GPC
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br Results br Discussion br STAR Methods
2025-02-18

Results Discussion STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments We thank Angela Walker for assistance with the manuscript; Junlin Liu, Xiangxiang Gu, Na Chen, Lu Xue, and the BV Core Facility of iHuman Institute for their support; scientists and colleagues at Amgen Inc., Zhulun W
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Pathological angiogenesis occurs when an imbalance of endoge
2025-02-18

Pathological angiogenesis occurs when an imbalance of endogenous proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors occurs. Although the focus of angiogenesis-related drug development has been geared to the discovery of antiangiogenic compounds for use in pathologies where excessive angiogenesis occurs (cance
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br AR signals and chemosensitivity in urothelial cancer A
2025-02-18

AR signals and chemosensitivity in urothelial cancer A significant amount of patients with urothelial cancer fail to respond to cisplatin-based systemic chemotherapy, although it remains the mainstay of successful management of advanced disease. However, underlying mechanisms for chemoresistance
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In addition to differential expression of
2025-02-18

In addition to differential expression of AR protein primarily in surgical specimens, genetic alterations involving the AR gene have been documented in human 961 synthesis cancer. Loss of heterozygosity at the AR locus was identified in all 3 informative cases of muscle-invasive bladder tumors, whe
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br Results br Discussion Cardiac
2025-02-18

Results Discussion Cardiac dysfunction, common complication of severe sepsis, is one cause of death in intensive care units. Accumulated evidence revealed the regulatory effect of autophagy on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction [15], [22], although the mechanisms in young and aging are not elu
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br Material and methods br
2025-02-18

Material and methods Results Discussion Aminopeptidase N is a transmembrane protease present in a wide variety of human tissues and cell types (endothelial, epithelial, fibroblast, leukocyte). APN expression is dysregulated in inflammatory diseases as well as in solid and hematologic tumors
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Voluminous literature about the neuroendocrine mechanism of
2025-02-17

Voluminous literature about the neuroendocrine mechanism of reproduction and energy regulation has emerged from studies involving mammalian species. The avian infundibular nucleus (equivalent structure to the mammalian arcuate nucleus) consists of two neuronal populations, one of which expresses neu
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br Functional consequences of ADK regulation on
2025-02-17

Functional consequences of ADK regulation on astrocyte function As outlined above (see introduction), ADK critically regulates the extracellular adenosine levels in Fast Taq polymerase mix (Boison, 2006, Etherington et al., 2009). Changes in the levels of adenosine, as a result of the regulation
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For comprehensive understanding of actin myosin XI as
2025-02-17

For comprehensive understanding of actin-myosin XI as a control network, it will be necessary to determine the functions of all the myosin XI and Skeletal muscle relaxant isoforms. However, it is difficult to reveal the function of individual myosin XI isoforms because most myosin XI single knockout
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2-Palmitoylglycerol br GMF Remodels Actin Networks at
2025-02-17

GMF Remodels Actin Networks at the Leading Edge How are the conserved activities of GMF used in vivo to regulate branched 2-Palmitoylglycerol networks (e.g., at sites of endocytosis and at the leading edge) (Figure 2A,B)? In animal cells, the regulatory effects of GMF on actin networks appear to
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The reductase activity in patients with OHD as
2025-02-17

The 5α-reductase activity in patients with 21-OHD, as assessed by the 5α-THF to 5β-THF (ratio 3) and by the 5α-17HP to 17HP (ratio 4) ratios, showed a similar pattern of activities (Fig. 2A–C) and significant correlations (ratio 1 vs. ratio 3; rs=0.67; pCyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride antioxidant t
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GW 6471 By performing knockdown of AXL once HER
2025-02-17

By performing knockdown of AXL once HER2+ cancer GW 6471 have achieved lung colonization, we demonstrated that AXL contributes to the establishment of macrometastases. While inhibition of AXL impairs the efficiency of metastasis, the later finding has major clinical implications since pharmacologic
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Using our infection assays we
2025-02-17

Using our infection assays, we also explored whether low-pH compartments were required for the entry of ZIKVs in mammalian cells. Lysosomotropic agents such as ammonium chloride, chloroquine and Bafilomycin A1, strongly inhibited the ability of ZIKVs to enter mammalian cells. Our results are in agre
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